TechFlow reports, according to recent analysis by Galaxy researcher Christine Kim, following Ethereum's Dencun upgrade in mid-March, the transaction failure rate on Layer-2 networks has significantly increased.
Within 150 days post-upgrade, daily average transactions on Ethereum L2s rose by 6.65 million, more than doubling daily transaction activity.
The transaction failure rates on Base, Arbitrum, and OP Mainnet reached as high as 21%, 15.4%, and 10.4% respectively. Highly active addresses (likely bots) experienced even higher failure rates, reaching 41.6% on Base. In contrast, low-activity addresses had much lower failure rates, with a maximum of only 4%.
Solana faces similar issues, with 25% to 45% of non-vote transaction fees spent on failed transactions.
Some argue that bot activity does not constitute spam transactions, but rather provides market liquidity.
