TechFlow reports that Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin delivered a keynote speech titled "Reaching the Limits of Protocol Design" at Hong Kong Web3 Festival 2024. He pointed out that current technologies such as ZK-SNARKs, MPC, and FHE face challenges in efficiency and security. For instance, Ethereum's slot block time is 12 seconds, regular block verification takes about 400 milliseconds, while ZK-SNARK proof generation takes approximately 20 minutes. Ethereum aims to achieve real-time proving.
Regarding the current inefficiency issues, Vitalik proposed solutions including "parallelization and aggregation trees," improving efficiency through SNARK algorithms and hashing techniques, and using ASICs for ZK hardware acceleration.
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